Oyun nasıl yazılır, Game Programming soru

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GameProgramming.jpg

Eveet geldik bir önemli nasılımıza daha,

Oyun yazmaya karar verdik.

Konu başlıkları

[düzenle] İşe Nereden Başlamalıyız

Önce oyunu yazacağımız platforma karar vereceğiz. Buna game engine denir.


[düzenle] Game Engine ne yapar

Oyun motoru veya game engine size tasarladığınız oyunu gerçeğe dökme işi sağlar. Yani diyelim ki oyunumuz Osmanlı döneminde geçiyor. Etrafta hanlar olacak, hamamlar olacak, pazarlar olacak, kaleler olacak vs. Bunları nasıl tasarlayabileceğiniz ayrı bir nasılın konusu onu pas geçiyorum. Tasarladığınız bu modelleri bir ortamda birleştirmenizi, etrafta çeşitli animasyonlar oluşturmanızı, Sonra Kahramanınızı bu sahneye yeleştirip hareketlendirmenizi sağlar.

Bunları ve dahasını yapabilmeniz için arayüzleri,

script dilleri,

model ve animasyon tasarım araçları,

fizik kanun ve etkileri sunar ve kullandırır.

[düzenle] Game Engin altında Fizik Motoru, physics engine vardır

Fizik motoru, sahnedeki tüm fizik olaylarını sizin adınıza gerçekleştirerek sizi çok büyük bir iş yükünden kurtarır. Böylece siz sadece senaryoya ve ne yapacağınıza odaklanırsınız. Tabi bu iş öyle kolay ve basit değildir.

Mesela Fizik motoru iki nesne çarpıştığında ne olacağını tamamen kendisi halleder. Ama bunu nasıl yapacağını sizin tabiki daha önceden belirtmiş olmanız gerekiyor.

Nasıl yani? Yani bu nesnelerin ne kadar ağır olduğu, plastik, demir vs. değil mi? bağlı olduğu başka nesne var mı? kapının menteşesi vs gibi temel tanım diyeceğimiz parametreleri sizin tabiki ayarlamış olmanız gerekir. Bunları yaptıktan sonrası ise gayet kolay. Fizik motoru artık olması gereken çarpışma, açılma, sallanma, kapanma herşeyi yerine getirir.

Yani aslında fizik motoru, oyunumuzun en önemli olmazsa olmaz temel ihtiyacıdır.

Game Engine veya oyun motoru bu fizik motorunu arka planda bizim için yönterek ekranda scriptlerle, görsel tasarımlarla vs. bize oyun yapma ortamı sunar.


[düzenle] Seçmeniz için Oyun Motorlarının bir listesi şöyle

[düzenle] ÜCRETSİZ OYUN MOTORLARI

These engines are available for free use, but without the source code being available under an open source license. Many of these engines are commercial products which have a free edition available for them:

  • Adventure Game Studio — Mostly used to develop third-person pre-rendered adventure games, this engine is one of the most popular for developing amateur adventure games.
  • dim3 — Freeware 3D javascript engine for the Mac (although finished games are cross platform).
  • DX Studio — A freeware 3D game engine with complete tools for 3D video game development. Upgrading to paid licenses would unlock extra features.
  • Game Maker — A free game engine oriented towards beginners and people that do not want to learn how to program. A paid upgrade can unlock some 3D features.
  • Unity — An open-ended 3D game/interactive software engine for web, Windows, and Mac OS X. Upgrading to paid licenses can additionally enable support for the iPhone, Android, Nintendo Wii, Playstation 3, and the Xbox 360.
  • Unreal Engine — Considered one of the most popular game engines in the top market. The free edition, called UDK (a binary release of the engine), allows you to use the engine for commercial purposes under specific terms.[1]
  • CryEngine 3 — CryEngine 3 is a new generation engine developed by Crytek to create the FPS game Crysis 2. The engine has been released recently, with a license model that is similar as offered by the UDK engine.
  • Visual Pinball - A pinball game engine.
  • World Builder — A classic Mac OS game engine.
  • Wintermute Engine — A runtime and development tools for creating 2D and 2.5D point'n'click adventure games (Windows) . A "lite" Version is also available, but without the 3D Actor function (Windows, MAC, Linux)[2][3]


[düzenle] ÜCRETSİZ VE AÇIK KODLU MOTORLAR

Name Primary programming language Bindings Cross-platform SDL 2D oriented Scripting Notable games License Notes and references
Şablon:Rh | AllBinary Open Platform Java EVET EVET YOK XML and XSL ZeptoRacer 3D, ZeptoWars, ZeptoTowers, MiniSpaceWars, MiniSpaceWars w/Vector, ZeptoRacer, ObamaStimulus, Don't Lose Your Balls!, ZeptoTanks, Tank Massacre 3D, Marble Solitaire AllBinary Open License Supports 2D and 3D. Source is available at https://github.com/AllBinary/AllBinary-Platform
Aleph One C++ EVET EVET HAYIR Lua, Marathon markup language Marathon GPL FPS engine
Allegro library C Ada, C++, C#, D, Lisp, Lua, Mercury, Pascal, Perl, Python, Scheme EVET HAYIR EVET zlib Graphics and audio
Ardor3D Java EVET HAYIR YOK zlib Fork of jMonkeyEngine 2.0
Axiom Engine C# EVET HAYIR HAYIR LGPL [4][5]
Blender C++ EVET HAYIR HAYIR Python Yo Frankie!, ColorCube GPL 2D/3D game engine packaged in a 3D modeler for quick and intuitive use; fully integrated Bullet physics library
Build engine C HAYIR HAYIR YOK Duke Nukem 3D, Shadow Warrior, Blood Custom FPS engine, 2.5D (2D grid base geometry.)
BRGameEngine C++ and Lua to acess www.brgameengine.org HAYIR HAYIR YOK Trem de DOido GPL2 Adventure engine, 2.5D (3D Ogre, OpenGL, OpenAL, Bullet.)
Cafu Engine C++ EVET HAYIR HAYIR Lua GPL or proprietary Full game engine; graphics, audio, physics, scripting, networking, and map editor[6]
ClanLib C++ EVET EVET EVET Clanlib Self-described "toolkit", provides most game engine functionality and extensive GUI programming
Cocos2d Python, Objective-C EVET HAYIR EVET MIT Ported to Linux, Mac OS X, iOS, Windows; iOS port is written in Objective-C and integrated with Box2D and Chipmunk physics engines
Construct Classic Event Based HAYIR HAYIR EVET Minitroid GPL/BSD
Corona SDK Lua EVET HAYIR EVET Bubble Ball
Crystal Space C++ Java, Perl, Python EVET EVET HAYIR LGPL Graphics, audio, physics
Cube C++ EVET EVET HAYIR zlib Previous gen, 2d grid based system, optimised for outdoor rather than indoor maps
Cube 2 C++ EVET EVET HAYIR Cubescript zlib Efficient 6 directional height map based geometry (versus traditional Polygon soup model), hence the name Cube, FPS engine
Delta3d C++ EVET HAYIR YOK Python LGPL Integrates various modular libraries in plain view, rather than burying the modules behind its own API as most engines do
DGD LPC EVET HAYIR EVET LPC LPMud server YOK
DXFramework C++ HAYIR HAYIR YOK Python BSD DirectX renderer, integrated into visual studio
Env3D Java EVET HAYIR HAYIR GPL 3D game engine that creates a simple interface for dynamically adding EnvObjects. Built on jMonkeyEngine 2.0. Intended for educational use in teaching computer science.
Exult C++ EVET EVET EVET GPL Free software reimplementation of the Ultima VII game engine
Flexible Isometric Free Engine C++ EVET EVET EVET Python Unknown Horizons LGPL Can make almost any 2D game, but more optimizal for RTS or RPG
Flixel ActionScript EVET HAYIR EVET Various games by Gregory Weir MIT Full boiler-plate code for flash games
GameKit (OgreKit) C++ EVET HAYIR HAYIR Lua MIT/zlib/BSD Has Blender integration similar to BGE; fully integrated Bullet physics library
Genesis3D C HAYIR HAYIR YOK Renderer, one of the earliest to use skeletal animation
id Tech 1 C EVET HAYIR HAYIR ACS Doom, Doom II, HeXen, Heretic, Strife GPL 2D based geometry, sprite and particles, uses clever methods to emulate 3D graphics
id Tech 2 C EVET HAYIR HAYIR QuakeC Quake II GPL Full game engine, better known as the Quake II engine.
id Tech 3 C Game Data {PAK OR PK3 } EVET HAYIR HAYIR QuakeC Quake III Arena GPL Full game engine, better known as the Quake III engine.
id Tech 4 C++ Game Data {PAK OR PK3 } EVET HAYIR HAYIR Quake 4 GPL Full game engine, better known for Doom 3 and Quake 4.
id Tech 5 C++ EVET HAYIR HAYIR RAGE New full game engine.
Indielib C++ HAYIR EVET EVET LGPL 2d game engine in C++ for game development with tutorials, api reference, entity system, sprite animations, collision detection, 3d hardware acceleration, bitmap and TTF fonts, 2d parallax scroll, 3d objects, 2d cameras, viewports, timers, alpha blending, shaders and image filters.
ioquake3 C EVET EVET HAYIR Urban Terror GPL
Jake2 Java EVET HAYIR HAYIR GPL
JGame Java, Actionscript 3 EVET HAYIR EVET BSD Also runs on J2ME and Android
jMonkeyEngine Java EVET HAYIR HAYIR BSD
Jogre Java EVET HAYIR EVET GPL
Lavgine C++ HAYIR HAYIR EVET Lua Script Free for Non-Commercial, Commercial Full 3D hardware acceleration, Customized by scripts and config files, 3D Audio based on OpenAL, Multi-Threaded Engine, Fast 2D animated physic objects, Easy automated network module, DLL dependency free*, No need to install,Reloads textures and shaders when file changed and many, many, many more...
Lightweight Java Game Library Java EVET HAYIR EVET Minecraft BSD
LÖVE2d C++ EVET EVET EVET Lua Zlib/libpng
Nebula Device C++ Java, Python EVET HAYIR YOK Lua, Tcl/Tk YOK
OpenSceneGraph C++ EVET HAYIR HAYIR OpenSceneGraph Public License
OpenSimulator C# EVET HAYIR HAYIR LSL BSD
ORX C/C++ EVET EVET EVET zlib 3D accelerated, supports Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, iPhone, iPad and Android
Panda3D C++ Python EVET HAYIR HAYIR Python Toontown Online, Pirates of the Caribbean Online BSD
PixelLight C++ EVET HAYIR HAYIR Lua LGPL [1]
PLIB C++ EVET EVET HAYIR LGPL
Quake engine C EVET HAYIR HAYIR QuakeC Quake GPL Full game engine, first true 3D id tech engine.
Retribution Engine C++ HAYIR HAYIR YOK GPL
Sge2d C EVET EVET EVET MIT
Sphere C++ EVET HAYIR EVET JavaScript YOK
Spring C++ C, C++, Java/JVM, Lua, Python EVET EVET HAYIR Lua Balanced Annihilation, Zero-K GPL RTS, simulated events, OpenGL
Storymoto JavaScript JavaScript EVET HAYIR HAYIR JavaScript Adslife MIT This is an engine that runs on any Browser JavaScript engine, client side. Full sources on GitHub
Stratagus C EVET EVET EVET Lua GPL
Name Primary programming language Bindings Cross-platform SDL 2D oriented Scripting Notable games License Notes and references

[düzenle] BAZI OYUNLAR VE GAME ENGİNLER

Game engine Games Company
Nel
3D MMORPG Game Engine
Ryzom
The Saga of Ryzom
Nevrax
Alamo Empire at War
Forces of Corruption
Universe at War: Earth Assault
Petroglyph
Adventure Game Studio Chzo Mythos
Soviet Unterzoegersdorf
The Blackwell Series
Ben Jordan: Paranormal Investigator
Ben Croshaw
monochrom
Wadjet Eye Games
Anvil Assassin's Creed II
Prince of Persia: The Forgotten Sands
Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood
Ubisoft
BigWorld Twin Skies
Stargate Worlds
Meteor Games
Cheyenne Mountain Entertainment
CPAL3D Memento Mori
Numen: Contest of Heroes
Pound of Ground
Alternativa
Centauri Production
First Reality
CINEMAX, Ltd.
CryEngine Far Cry
Aion: The Tower of Eternity
Crytek
NCsoft
CryEngine 2 Crysis
Entropia Universe
Crytek
MindArk
CryEngine 3 Crysis 2 Crytek
Crystal Tools Final Fantasy XIII
Final Fantasy Versus XIII
Final Fantasy Agito XIII
Final Fantasy XIV
Square Enix
Dunia Engine Far Cry 2 </br> James Cameron's Avatar: The Game Ubisoft Montreal
Essence Engine Company of Heroes
Opposing Fronts
Warhammer 40,000: Dawn of War 2
Relic Entertainment
Europa Engine Europa Universalis
Hearts of Iron
Paradox Entertainment
Gamebryo Divinity II: The Dragon Knight Saga
Dark Age of Camelot
The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion
Fallout 3
Fallout: New Vegas
Larian Studios
Mythic Entertainment
Bethesda Softworks
Bethesda Game Studios
Obsidian Entertainment
GoldSrc Half-Life
Gunman Chronicles
Valve
Rewolf Software
HeroEngine Hero's Journey (video game)
Star Wars: The Old Republic
Simutronics
Bioware
HPL Engine Penumbra: Overture
Penumbra: Black Plague
Penumbra: Requiem
Amnesia: The Dark Descent
Frictional Games
id Tech 4 Doom 3
Quake 4
Prey
Enemy Territory: Quake Wars
Wolfenstein
id software
Raven Software
Human Head Studios
Splash Damage
Infernal Engine Ghostbusters: The Video Game
Mushroom Men: The Spore Wars
Bass Pro Shops: The Strike
Roogoo: Twisted Towers
Terminal Reality
Threewave Software
Escalation Studios
Streamline Studios
Namco Bandai Games
Red Fly Studio
Wideload Games
Piranha Games
SpiderMonk Entertainment
High Voltage Software
Infinity Engine Baldur's Gate
Baldur's Gate II: Shadows of Amn
Planescape: Torment
Icewind Dale
Icewind Dale II
Bioware
Black Isle Studios
Iron Engine Sins of a Solar Empire Ironclad Games
Jade engine Beyond Good & Evil
Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time
Prince of Persia: Warrior Within
Prince of Persia: The Two Thrones
Peter Jackson's King Kong: The Official Game of the Movie
Rayman Raving Rabbids
TMNT
Rayman Raving Rabbids 2
Naruto: Rise of a Ninja
Naruto: The Broken Bond
James Cameron's Avatar: The Game (Wii version)
Prince of Persia: The Forgotten Sands (Wii and PSP versions)
Ubisoft
K2 Engine Savage 2
Heroes of Newerth
S2 Games
M.U.G.E.N Battle Killer Fighter
Battle Killer Fighter Ultimate
WhItE HaCkEr Community
Cartoon Picture Studio Indo (Lord of D-Geims)
Nebula Device 3 Drakensang: The Dark Eye
Neon Engine Operation Flashpoint 2: Dragon Rising
Race Driver Grid
Codemasters
Panda3D Toontown Online
Pirates of the Caribbean Online
Code3D
MSA's Thermal Enforcer
Full list
Disney
Disney
Sim Ops Studios
MSA, Sim Ops Studios
Many
PhyreEngine Full list on main entry
Many
Many
RAGE Midnight Club: Los Angeles
Grand Theft Auto IV
Rockstar Games Presents Table Tennis
Red Dead Redemption
Rockstar Games
Riot Engine Drakan: Order of the Flame
Drakan: The Ancients' Gates
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring
The Suffering
The Suffering: Ties That Bind
Surreal Software
RPG Maker VX Eternal Eden Blossomsoft
RPG Maker XP Aveyond
Amaranth Games
S2Engine HD Power of Destruction
I'm Not Alone
Profenix
SAGE engine Red Alert 3
Generals
Tiberium Wars
The Battle for Middle-earth II
EA Los Angeles
Scimitar Assassin's Creed
Prince of Persia
Shaun White Snowboarding
Ubisoft
ShiVa3D Voodoo Dice
Pinball Yeah!
Texting Of The Bread
Pirate Wings
Graviton
Stonetrip
Silent Storm engine Silent Storm
Silent Storm: Sentinels
Hammer & Sickle
Night Watch
Day Watch
Heroes of Might and Magic V
Jagged Alliance 3 (in development)
Nival Interactive
Source engine Half Life 2, Team Fortress 2, Portal, Portal 2, Left 4 Dead, Left 4 Dead 2, Counter-Strike: Source, Day of Defeat: Source, Alien Swarm
Vampire: The Masquerade – Bloodlines
Sin Episodes
Dark Messiah of Might and Magic
Zeno Clash
Vindictus / Mabinogi: Heroes
KOS Secret Operations
Valve
Troika Games
Ritual Entertainment
Arkane Studios
ACE Team
devCat (Nexon)
SunBurn [7] Salty Jim's Putt Putt Island[8]
AvaGlide[9]
UpAway[10]
Synapse Gaming
Haiku Interactive
Munomic
TGEA Marble Blast Ultra
Fallen Empire: Legions
Dreamlords
Penny Arcade Adventures: On the Rain-Slick Precipice of Darkness
GarageGames
Lockpick Entertainment
Hothead Games

FXLabs Studios
Unigine OilRush
Syndicates of Arkon
Dilogus - The Winds of War
Unigine Corp
MCM Online
Digital Arrow
Unity Cartoon Network Universe: FusionFall
Tiger Woods PGA Tour Online
GooBall
Global Conflicts: Palestine
Off-Road Velociraptor Safari
WolfQuest
Dead Frontier
Cartoon Network
Electronic Arts
Over The Edge Entertainment
Serious Games Interactive
Flashbang Studios
Eduweb
Mikesgames Productions
Unreal Engine 2.x[11] America's Army
Exteel
Lineage II
Killing Floor
The Chronicles of Spellborn
Unreal Tournament 2004
Ragnarok Online 2


NCsoft
Tripwire Interactive
Spellborn International
Epic Games
Gravity Corporation
Unreal Engine 3.x[11] America's Army 3
Batman: Arkham Asylum
BioShock
Borderlands
Brothers in Arms: Hell's Highway
BlackSite: Area 51
Gears of War
Gears of War 2
Unreal Tournament 3
Rainbow Six Vegas
Lost Odyssey
Mass Effect
Mass Effect 2
The Last Remnant
Medal of Honor: Airborne
Blade & Soul
Bulletstorm
Eidos Interactive
Gearbox Software
2K Games
Midway Games
Epic Games
Ubisoft
Mistwalker
BioWare
Square-Enix
NCsoft
People Can Fly
Vision Engine 8 Arcania: A Gothic Tale
The Settlers 7: Paths to a Kingdom
DIZZEL
Dungeon Hero
Arena Morte
Cutthroat
JoWood, Spellbound
Ubisoft-Blue Byte Studio
Neowiz Corp.
Firefly Studios
Frontline Studios
Nitro Games
X-Ray Engine S.T.A.L.K.E.R. Shadow of Chernobyl
S.T.A.L.K.E.R. Clear Sky
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Call of Pripyat
GSC Game World
4A Engine Metro 2033 4A Games